Glossary
The NMR glossary provides brief definitions and explanations of terms and jargon used on our site.
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Carrier
An animal having disease causing organisms within it and capable of infecting others. It may show no symptoms of the disease itself.
Cell-Mediated Immunity
Immunity, which is dependent on the sensitisation of certain white blood cells, rather than antibodies
Chronic
Lasting for a long period of time or marked by frequent recurrence, as certain diseases
Clinical
Observable and diagnosable symptoms of disease
Closed Herd
A herd into which no animals are imported; truly closed herds must not have any biological contact with other herds. This includes never bringing leased animals onto the property, not using bought in embryo transfer recipients, and not accepting colostrum, sit-on or foster calves, or milk from other farms
Coliform Count
Indication of faecal contamination on teats, suggesting poor pre-milking teat preparation, poor housing or both. High coliform counts could also arise from cows clinically or subclinically affected by E.Coli mastitis, where mastitic milk is entering the bulk tank. Fluctuating cell count an Bactoscan values are often associated with increased levels of environmental mastitis
Colostrum
The first milk rich in antibodies – the calf’s first source of immunity. Colostrum may also contain infectious agents for example MAP that causes Johnes disease
Concurrent Infections
When an animal may be infected with two or more infections at the same time
Contagious Disease
An infectious disease communicable by contact with one who has it, with a bodily discharge of such an animal, or with an object touched by such an animal or by bodily discharge or said animal